Xi Chen, Josip Djolonga, Piotr Padlewski, Basil Mustafa, Soravit Changpinyo, Jialin Wu, Carlos Riquelme Ruiz, Sebastian Goodman, Xiao Wang, Yi Tay, Siamak Shakeri, Mostafa Dehghani, Daniel Salz, Mario Lucic, Michael Tschannen, Arsha Nagrani, Hexiang Hu, Mandar Joshi, Bo Pang, Ceslee Montgomery, Paulina Pietrzyk, Marvin Ritter, AJ Piergiovanni, Matthias Minderer, Filip Pavetic, Austin Waters, Gang Li, Ibrahim Alabdulmohsin, Lucas Beyer, Julien Amelot, Kenton Lee, Andreas Peter Steiner, Yang Li, Daniel Keysers, Anurag Arnab, Yuanzhong Xu, Keran Rong, Alexander Kolesnikov, Mojtaba Seyedhosseini, Anelia Angelova, Xiaohua Zhai, Neil Houlsby, Radu Soricut
We present the training recipe and results of scaling up PaLI-X, a multilingual vision and language model, both in terms of size of the components and the breadth of its training task mixture. Our model achieves new levels of performance on a wide-range of varied and complex tasks, including multiple image-based captioning and question-answering tasks, image-based document understanding and few-shot (in-context) learning, as well as object detection, video question answering, and video captioning. PaLI-X advances the state-of-the-art on most vision-and-language benchmarks considered (25+ of them). Finally, we observe emerging capabilities, such as complex counting and multilingual object detection, tasks that are not explicitly in the training mix.
| Task | Dataset | Metric | Value | Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Question Answering | NExT-QA | WUPS | 38.3 | PaLI-X |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | DocVQA test | ANLS | 0.868 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT w/ OCR) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | DocVQA test | ANLS | 0.809 | PaLI-X (Multi-task FT) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | DocVQA test | ANLS | 0.8 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | InfoSeek | Accuracy | 24 | PaLI-X |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | OK-VQA | Accuracy | 66.1 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | InfographicVQA | ANLS | 54.8 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT w/ OCR) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | InfographicVQA | ANLS | 50.7 | PaLI-X (Multi-task FT) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | InfographicVQA | ANLS | 49.2 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | ChartQA | 1:1 Accuracy | 72.3 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT w/ OCR) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | ChartQA | 1:1 Accuracy | 70.9 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT) |
| Visual Question Answering (VQA) | ChartQA | 1:1 Accuracy | 70.6 | PaLI-X (Multi-task FT) |
| Image Recognition | OVEN | Accuracy | 23.1 | PaLI-X |
| Chart Question Answering | ChartQA | 1:1 Accuracy | 72.3 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT w/ OCR) |
| Chart Question Answering | ChartQA | 1:1 Accuracy | 70.9 | PaLI-X (Single-task FT) |
| Chart Question Answering | ChartQA | 1:1 Accuracy | 70.6 | PaLI-X (Multi-task FT) |