David Fischinger, Martin Boyer
The orchestrated manipulation of public opinion, particularly through manipulated images, often spread via online social networks (OSN), has become a serious threat to society. In this paper we introduce the Digital Forensics Net (DF-Net), a deep neural network for pixel-wise image forgery detection. The released model outperforms several state-of-the-art methods on four established benchmark datasets. Most notably, DF-Net's detection is robust against lossy image operations (e.g resizing, compression) as they are automatically performed by social networks.
| Task | Dataset | Metric | Value | Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Image Manipulation Detection | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Video | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Video | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Video | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Video | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Video | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Temporal Action Localization | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Anomaly Detection | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Activity Recognition | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Action Localization | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| 3D Action Recognition | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.249 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.361 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.467 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.564 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.89 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.684 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.766 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.77 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.359 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.354 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.795 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.229 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.304 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.685 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.762 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.765 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.245 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.358 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | F-score | 0.587 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.492 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.799 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.238 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.314 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.905 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.495 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.588 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia | AUC | 0.88 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.791 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.23 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.303 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | AUC | 0.881 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Wechat) | f-Score | 0.759 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | DSO-1 | AUC | 0.769 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | AUC | 0.902 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | Intersection over Union | 0.49 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | CASIA (OSN-transmitted - Weibo) | f-Score | 0.584 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | AUC | 0.803 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | Intersection over Union | 0.247 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | NIST (OSN-transmitted - Whatsapp) | f-Score | 0.324 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | AUC | 0.883 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | Intersection over Union | 0.681 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Columbia (OSN-transmitted - Facebook) | f-Score | 0.76 | DF-Net |
| Action Recognition | Casia V1+ | AUC | 0.906 | DF-Net |