Lianyu Hu, Shenglan Liu, Wei Feng
It's common for current methods in skeleton-based action recognition to mainly consider capturing long-term temporal dependencies as skeleton sequences are typically long (>128 frames), which forms a challenging problem for previous approaches. In such conditions, short-term dependencies are few formally considered, which are critical for classifying similar actions. Most current approaches are consisted of interleaving spatial-only modules and temporal-only modules, where direct information flow among joints in adjacent frames are hindered, thus inferior to capture short-term motion and distinguish similar action pairs. To handle this limitation, we propose a general framework, coined as STGAT, to model cross-spacetime information flow. It equips the spatial-only modules with spatial-temporal modeling for regional perception. While STGAT is theoretically effective for spatial-temporal modeling, we propose three simple modules to reduce local spatial-temporal feature redundancy and further release the potential of STGAT, which (1) narrow the scope of self-attention mechanism, (2) dynamically weight joints along temporal dimension, and (3) separate subtle motion from static features, respectively. As a robust feature extractor, STGAT generalizes better upon classifying similar actions than previous methods, witnessed by both qualitative and quantitative results. STGAT achieves state-of-the-art performance on three large-scale datasets: NTU RGB+D 60, NTU RGB+D 120, and Kinetics Skeleton 400. Code is released.
| Task | Dataset | Metric | Value | Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Video | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Video | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Video | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Video | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Video | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Video | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Video | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Temporal Action Localization | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Zero-Shot Learning | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Activity Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Action Localization | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Action Detection | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| 3D Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Setup) | 90.4 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Accuracy (Cross-Subject) | 88.7 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D 120 | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | Kinetics-400 | Actions Top-1 (S1) | 39.2 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CS) | 92.8 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Accuracy (CV) | 97.3 | STGAT |
| Action Recognition | NTU RGB+D | Ensembled Modalities | 4 | STGAT |