Han Zhang, Tao Xu, Hongsheng Li, Shaoting Zhang, Xiaogang Wang, Xiaolei Huang, Dimitris Metaxas
Although Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have shown remarkable success in various tasks, they still face challenges in generating high quality images. In this paper, we propose Stacked Generative Adversarial Networks (StackGAN) aiming at generating high-resolution photo-realistic images. First, we propose a two-stage generative adversarial network architecture, StackGAN-v1, for text-to-image synthesis. The Stage-I GAN sketches the primitive shape and colors of the object based on given text description, yielding low-resolution images. The Stage-II GAN takes Stage-I results and text descriptions as inputs, and generates high-resolution images with photo-realistic details. Second, an advanced multi-stage generative adversarial network architecture, StackGAN-v2, is proposed for both conditional and unconditional generative tasks. Our StackGAN-v2 consists of multiple generators and discriminators in a tree-like structure; images at multiple scales corresponding to the same scene are generated from different branches of the tree. StackGAN-v2 shows more stable training behavior than StackGAN-v1 by jointly approximating multiple distributions. Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed stacked generative adversarial networks significantly outperform other state-of-the-art methods in generating photo-realistic images.
| Task | Dataset | Metric | Value | Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Image Generation | LSUN Bedroom 256 x 256 | FID | 35.61 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Image Generation | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | FID | 74.05 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Image Generation | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | Inception score | 8.45 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 48.68 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.26 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 55.28 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.2 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Image Generation | CUB | FID | 15.3 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Image Generation | CUB | Inception score | 3.82 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Image Generation | CUB | FID | 51.89 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Image Generation | CUB | Inception score | 3.7 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | FID | 74.05 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | Inception score | 8.45 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 48.68 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.26 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 55.28 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.2 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | CUB | FID | 15.3 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | CUB | Inception score | 3.82 | StackGAN-v2 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | CUB | FID | 51.89 | StackGAN-v1 |
| Text-to-Image Generation | CUB | Inception score | 3.7 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 10-shot image generation | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | FID | 74.05 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 10-shot image generation | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | Inception score | 8.45 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 10-shot image generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 48.68 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 10-shot image generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.26 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 10-shot image generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 55.28 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 10-shot image generation | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.2 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 10-shot image generation | CUB | FID | 15.3 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 10-shot image generation | CUB | Inception score | 3.82 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 10-shot image generation | CUB | FID | 51.89 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 10-shot image generation | CUB | Inception score | 3.7 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | FID | 74.05 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | COCO (Common Objects in Context) | Inception score | 8.45 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 48.68 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.26 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | Oxford 102 Flowers | FID | 55.28 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | Oxford 102 Flowers | Inception score | 3.2 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | CUB | FID | 15.3 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | CUB | Inception score | 3.82 | StackGAN-v2 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | CUB | FID | 51.89 | StackGAN-v1 |
| 1 Image, 2*2 Stitchi | CUB | Inception score | 3.7 | StackGAN-v1 |