Super-Resolution convolutional neural networks have recently demonstrated high-quality restoration for single images. However, existing algorithms often require very deep architectures and long training times. Furthermore, current convolutional neural networks for super-resolution are unable to exploit features at multiple scales and weigh them equally, limiting their learning capability. In this exposition, we present a compact and accurate super-resolution algorithm namely, Densely Residual Laplacian Network (DRLN). The proposed network employs cascading residual on the residual structure to allow the flow of low-frequency information to focus on learning high and mid-level features. In addition, deep supervision is achieved via the densely concatenated residual blocks settings, which also helps in learning from high-level complex features. Moreover, we propose Laplacian attention to model the crucial features to learn the inter and intra-level dependencies between the feature maps. Furthermore, comprehensive quantitative and qualitative evaluations on low-resolution, noisy low-resolution, and real historical image benchmark datasets illustrate that our DRLN algorithm performs favorably against the state-of-the-art methods visually and accurately.
| Task | Dataset | Metric | Value | Model |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 23.24 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6523 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 32.47 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9032 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 30.8 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8498 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 34.43 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9247 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 29.02 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7914 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.55 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8087 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set5 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.86 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set5 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9307 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 31.78 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9211 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 33.54 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9402 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.94 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9518 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.4 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set14 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6547 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.06 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.607 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set5 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 38.34 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set5 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9619 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 39.75 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9792 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set5 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 27.46 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Set5 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7916 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.14 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8149 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.37 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8746 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.87 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7453 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.4 | DRLN+ |
| Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8125 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 23.24 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6523 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 32.47 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9032 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 30.8 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8498 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 34.43 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9247 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 29.02 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7914 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.55 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8087 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set5 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.86 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set5 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9307 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 31.78 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9211 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 33.54 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9402 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.94 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9518 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.4 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set14 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6547 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.06 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.607 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set5 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 38.34 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set5 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9619 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 39.75 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9792 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set5 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 27.46 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Set5 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7916 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.14 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8149 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.37 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8746 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.87 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7453 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.4 | DRLN+ |
| Image Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8125 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 23.24 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6523 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 32.47 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9032 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 30.8 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8498 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 34.43 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9247 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 29.02 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7914 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.55 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8087 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set5 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.86 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set5 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9307 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 31.78 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9211 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 33.54 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9402 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.94 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9518 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.4 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set14 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6547 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.06 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.607 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set5 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 38.34 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set5 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9619 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 39.75 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9792 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set5 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 27.46 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Set5 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7916 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.14 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8149 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.37 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8746 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.87 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7453 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.4 | DRLN+ |
| 3D Object Super-Resolution | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8125 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 23.24 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6523 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 32.47 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9032 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 30.8 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8498 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 34.43 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9247 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 29.02 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7914 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.55 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8087 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set5 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.86 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set5 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9307 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 31.78 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9211 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 33.54 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9402 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 34.94 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9518 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.4 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set14 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.6547 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 25.06 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.607 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set5 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 38.34 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set5 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9619 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | PSNR | 39.75 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Manga109 - 2x upscaling | SSIM | 0.9792 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set5 - 8x upscaling | PSNR | 27.46 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Set5 - 8x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7916 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.14 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8149 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.37 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | Urban100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8746 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | PSNR | 27.87 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 4x upscaling | SSIM | 0.7453 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | PSNR | 29.4 | DRLN+ |
| 16k | BSD100 - 3x upscaling | SSIM | 0.8125 | DRLN+ |