| 1 | Scrambled code + broken (alter) | 48.18 | No | Universal Evasion Attacks on Summarization Scoring | 2022-10-25 | Code |
| 2 | Scrambled code + broken (alter) | 48.18 | No | Universal Evasion Attacks on Summarization Scoring | 2022-10-25 | Code |
| 3 | BRIO | 47.78 | No | BRIO: Bringing Order to Abstractive Summarization | 2022-03-31 | Code |
| 4 | Pegasus | 47.36 | No | Calibrating Sequence likelihood Improves Conditi... | 2022-09-30 | - |
| 5 | PEGASUS + SummaReranker | 47.16 | No | SummaReranker: A Multi-Task Mixture-of-Experts R... | 2022-03-13 | Code |
| 6 | PEGASUS + SummaReranker | 47.16 | No | SummaReranker: A Multi-Task Mixture-of-Experts R... | 2022-03-13 | Code |
| 7 | Scrambled code + broken | 46.71 | No | Universal Evasion Attacks on Summarization Scoring | 2022-10-25 | Code |
| 8 | BART + SimCLS | 46.67 | No | SimCLS: A Simple Framework for Contrastive Learn... | 2021-06-03 | Code |
| 9 | SEASON | 46.27 | No | Salience Allocation as Guidance for Abstractive ... | 2022-10-22 | Code |
| 10 | Fourier Transformer | 44.76 | No | Fourier Transformer: Fast Long Range Modeling by... | 2023-05-24 | Code |
| 11 | Fourier Transformer | 44.76 | No | Fourier Transformer: Fast Long Range Modeling by... | 2023-05-24 | Code |
| 12 | GLM-XXLarge | 44.7 | Yes | GLM: General Language Model Pretraining with Aut... | 2021-03-18 | Code |
| 13 | GLM-XXLarge | 44.7 | No | GLM: General Language Model Pretraining with Aut... | 2021-03-18 | Code |
| 14 | HAHSum | 44.68 | No | - | - | - |
| 15 | BART + R-Drop | 44.51 | No | R-Drop: Regularized Dropout for Neural Networks | 2021-06-28 | Code |
| 16 | Scaled-MatchSum | 44.51 | No | - | - | - |
| 17 | CoCoNet + CoCoPretrain | 44.5 | Yes | - | - | Code |
| 18 | HAT-BART | 44.48 | No | Hierarchical Learning for Generation with Long S... | 2021-04-15 | - |
| 19 | MUPPET BART Large | 44.45 | No | Muppet: Massive Multi-task Representations with ... | 2021-01-26 | Code |
| 20 | MatchSum (RoBERTa-base) | 44.41 | No | Extractive Summarization as Text Matching | 2020-04-19 | Code |
| 21 | MatchSum | 44.41 | No | Extractive Summarization as Text Matching | 2020-04-19 | Code |
| 22 | CoCoNet | 44.39 | No | - | - | Code |
| 23 | BART+R3F | 44.38 | No | Better Fine-Tuning by Reducing Representational ... | 2020-08-06 | Code |
| 24 | Hie-BART | 44.35 | No | - | - | - |
| 25 | ERNIE-GENLARGE (large-scale text corpora) | 44.31 | Yes | ERNIE-GEN: An Enhanced Multi-Flow Pre-training a... | 2020-01-26 | Code |
| 26 | PALM | 44.3 | No | PALM: Pre-training an Autoencoding&Autoregressiv... | 2020-04-14 | Code |
| 27 | MatchSum (BERT-base) | 44.22 | No | Extractive Summarization as Text Matching | 2020-04-19 | Code |
| 28 | ProphetNet | 44.2 | Yes | ProphetNet: Predicting Future N-gram for Sequenc... | 2020-01-13 | Code |
| 29 | PEGASUS | 44.17 | Yes | PEGASUS: Pre-training with Extracted Gap-sentenc... | 2019-12-18 | Code |
| 30 | BART | 44.16 | No | BART: Denoising Sequence-to-Sequence Pre-trainin... | 2019-10-29 | Code |
| 31 | A2Summ | 44.11 | No | Align and Attend: Multimodal Summarization with ... | 2023-03-13 | Code |
| 32 | ERNIE-GENLARGE | 44.02 | No | ERNIE-GEN: An Enhanced Multi-Flow Pre-training a... | 2020-01-26 | Code |
| 33 | LongT5 | 43.94 | No | LongT5: Efficient Text-To-Text Transformer for L... | 2021-12-15 | Code |
| 34 | NeRoBERTa | 43.86 | No | - | - | - |
| 35 | BertSumExt | 43.85 | Yes | Text Summarization with Pretrained Encoders | 2019-08-22 | Code |
| 36 | BigBird-Pegasus | 43.84 | No | Big Bird: Transformers for Longer Sequences | 2020-07-28 | Code |
| 37 | T5 | 43.52 | No | Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a... | 2019-10-23 | Code |
| 38 | T5-11B | 43.52 | Yes | Exploring the Limits of Transfer Learning with a... | 2019-10-23 | Code |
| 39 | BERTSUM+Transformer | 43.25 | Yes | Fine-tune BERT for Extractive Summarization | 2019-03-25 | Code |
| 40 | SRformer-BART | 43.19 | No | Segmented Recurrent Transformer: An Efficient Se... | 2023-05-24 | Code |
| 41 | UniLMv2 | 43.16 | Yes | UniLMv2: Pseudo-Masked Language Models for Unifi... | 2020-02-28 | Code |
| 42 | UniLM | 43.08 | Yes | Unified Language Model Pre-training for Natural ... | 2019-05-08 | Code |
| 43 | UniLM (Abstractive Summarization) | 43.08 | Yes | Unified Language Model Pre-training for Natural ... | 2019-05-08 | Code |
| 44 | BERT-ext + RL | 42.76 | No | Summary Level Training of Sentence Rewriting for... | 2019-09-19 | - |
| 45 | PNBERT | 42.69 | No | Searching for Effective Neural Extractive Summar... | 2019-07-08 | Code |
| 46 | HIBERT | 42.37 | No | HIBERT: Document Level Pre-training of Hierarchi... | 2019-05-16 | - |
| 47 | ERNIE-GENBASE | 42.3 | Yes | ERNIE-GEN: An Enhanced Multi-Flow Pre-training a... | 2020-01-26 | Code |
| 48 | HER | 42.3 | No | - | - | Code |
| 49 | BertSumExtAbs | 42.13 | Yes | Text Summarization with Pretrained Encoders | 2019-08-22 | Code |
| 50 | BERT-ext + abs + RL + rerank | 41.9 | No | Summary Level Training of Sentence Rewriting for... | 2019-09-19 | - |
| 51 | Selector & Pointer-Generator | 41.72 | Yes | Mixture Content Selection for Diverse Sequence G... | 2019-09-04 | Code |
| 52 | Selector+Pointer Generator | 41.72 | No | Mixture Content Selection for Diverse Sequence G... | 2019-09-04 | Code |
| 53 | Two-Stage + RL | 41.71 | No | Pretraining-Based Natural Language Generation fo... | 2019-02-25 | Code |
| 54 | DCA | 41.69 | Yes | Deep Communicating Agents for Abstractive Summar... | 2018-03-27 | - |
| 55 | NeuSUM | 41.59 | No | Neural Document Summarization by Jointly Learnin... | 2018-07-06 | Code |
| 56 | NeuSUM | 41.59 | No | Neural Document Summarization by Jointly Learnin... | 2018-07-06 | Code |
| 57 | Li et al. | 41.54 | No | - | - | - |
| 58 | BanditSum | 41.5 | No | BanditSum: Extractive Summarization as a Context... | 2018-09-25 | Code |
| 59 | rnn-ext + RL | 41.47 | No | Fast Abstractive Summarization with Reinforce-Se... | 2018-05-28 | Code |
| 60 | EditNet | 41.42 | No | An Editorial Network for Enhanced Document Summa... | 2019-02-27 | - |
| 61 | Bottom-Up Summarization | 41.22 | No | Bottom-Up Abstractive Summarization | 2018-08-31 | Code |
| 62 | Bottom-Up Sum | 41.22 | No | Bottom-Up Abstractive Summarization | 2018-08-31 | Code |
| 63 | Latent | 41.05 | No | Neural Latent Extractive Document Summarization | 2018-08-22 | - |
| 64 | Mask Attention Network | 40.98 | No | Mask Attention Networks: Rethinking and Strength... | 2021-03-25 | Code |
| 65 | Subformer-base | 40.9 | No | - | - | - |
| 66 | rnn-ext + abs + RL + rerank | 40.88 | No | Fast Abstractive Summarization with Reinforce-Se... | 2018-05-28 | Code |
| 67 | end2end w/ inconsistency loss | 40.68 | No | A Unified Model for Extractive and Abstractive S... | 2018-05-16 | Code |
| 68 | RL + pg + cbdec | 40.66 | No | Closed-Book Training to Improve Summarization En... | 2018-09-12 | - |
| 69 | TaLK Convolutions (Deep) | 40.59 | No | Time-aware Large Kernel Convolutions | 2020-02-08 | Code |
| 70 | ROUGESal+Ent RL | 40.43 | No | Multi-Reward Reinforced Summarization with Salie... | 2018-04-17 | - |
| 71 | LEAD-3 | 40.42 | No | Abstractive Text Summarization Using Sequence-to... | 2016-02-19 | Code |
| 72 | Lead-3 | 40.34 | No | Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Gen... | 2017-04-14 | Code |
| 73 | Lead-3 baseline | 40.34 | No | Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Gen... | 2017-04-14 | Code |
| 74 | Li et al. | 40.3 | No | - | - | - |
| 75 | ML+RL ROUGE+Novel, with LM | 40.19 | No | Improving Abstraction in Text Summarization | 2018-08-23 | - |
| 76 | TaLK Convolutions (Standard) | 40.03 | No | Time-aware Large Kernel Convolutions | 2020-02-08 | Code |
| 77 | REFRESH | 40 | No | Ranking Sentences for Extractive Summarization w... | 2018-02-23 | Code |
| 78 | ML + RL (Paulus et al., 2017) | 39.87 | No | A Deep Reinforced Model for Abstractive Summariz... | 2017-05-11 | Code |
| 79 | Dynamic Conv | 39.84 | No | Pay Less Attention with Lightweight and Dynamic ... | 2019-01-29 | Code |
| 80 | DynamicConv | 39.84 | No | Pay Less Attention with Lightweight and Dynamic ... | 2019-01-29 | Code |
| 81 | Pointer + Coverage + EntailmentGen + QuestionGen | 39.81 | No | Soft Layer-Specific Multi-Task Summarization wit... | 2018-05-28 | - |
| 82 | PTGEN + Coverage | 39.53 | No | Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Gen... | 2017-04-14 | Code |
| 83 | PTGEN + Coverage | 39.53 | No | Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Gen... | 2017-04-14 | Code |
| 84 | Pointer-Generator + Coverage | 39.53 | No | Get To The Point: Summarization with Pointer-Gen... | 2017-04-14 | Code |
| 85 | LightConv | 39.52 | No | Pay Less Attention with Lightweight and Dynamic ... | 2019-01-29 | Code |
| 86 | Transformer | 39.5 | No | Attention Is All You Need | 2017-06-12 | Code |
| 87 | Synthesizer (R+V) | 38.57 | No | Synthesizer: Rethinking Self-Attention in Transf... | 2020-05-02 | Code |
| 88 | ML + Intra-Attention (Paulus et al., 2017) | 38.3 | No | A Deep Reinforced Model for Abstractive Summariz... | 2017-05-11 | Code |
| 89 | Summary Loop Unsup | 37.7 | No | The Summary Loop: Learning to Write Abstractive ... | 2021-05-11 | Code |
| 90 | C2F + ALTERNATE | 31.1 | No | - | - | - |
| 91 | ITS | 30.8 | No | Iterative Document Representation Learning Towar... | 2018-09-27 | Code |
| 92 | GPT-2 | 29.34 | Yes | - | - | Code |